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The Winchester Model 1895 is a lever-action repeating firearm developed and manufactured by the Winchester Repeating Arms Company in the late 19th century, chambered for a number of full-size military and hunting cartridges such as 7.62×54mmR, .303 British, .30-03, .30 Army, .30-06, .35 Winchester, .38-72 Winchester, .40-72 Winchester and .405 Winchester.

• 5References

Design[edit]

The Model 1895 was the first Winchester rifle to feature a box magazine located underneath the action instead of the tubular magazine design, which had remained fundamentally unchanged from the Winchester 1866. This allowed the rifle to safely chamber military and hunting cartridges with spitzer (pointed) bullets. The M1895 was also the last of the lever-action rifles to be designed by John Browning, and featured a rear locking bolt as in his previous designs dating back to the Winchester 1886. The M1895 is the strongest lever-action rifle Winchester has produced, designed to handle the increased pressures generated by the more powerful smokeless powder cartridges entering common use at the time of its introduction. By today’s standards however, the design is considered relatively weak, and not suited to high pressure loads.^[2]

Around serial number 5000, a new receiver profile was introduced which had fluted (scalloped) sides, as opposed to the original flat sided design. This new receiver reduced the weight of the rifle by a small amount, and increased the width by 1/16 of an inch. By serial number 6000, it is thought that the last of the flat sided M1895s left the factory. These early rifles are now exceedingly rare.^[3]

Military[edit]

Between 1915 and 1917 approximately 300,000 M1895's were manufactured for the army of the Russian Empire, accounting for about 70% of total production of the rifles prior to 1936 when the M1895 was discontinued. Chambered in 7.62×54mmR, these versions were unusual for a lever-action rifle in that they also had a charger guide, allowing the M1895 rifle to be reloaded by the same charger clips used in the Mosin–Nagant bolt-action rifle.^[4] Rifles made for the Russian contract had a longer than standard barrel fitted with an extended forestock and bayonet lug.^[5] Initial delivery of the rifles was delayed because adaptation to Russian standards, particularly the charger guide, proved more difficult than expected.^[6] Additional delays resulted from incompetent and obstructive Russian inspectors, who refused to use Winchester-made test gauges despite no Russian gauges existing,^[6] insisted that test ammunition be shipped from Russia (instead of using readily available Winchester ammunition made on Russian contract),^[7] and often rejected rifles for irrelevant flaws such as wood grain in the stock being insufficiently straight.^[7] Winchester later sold these rejected rifles on the US commercial market.^[7] Russia issued many of their Winchester Model 1895 rifles to troops from Finland and the Baltic states, especially the Latvian Riflemen.^[8] At least 9,000 Model 1895 rifles are known to have been provided by the Soviet Union in 1936 to the Spanish Republicans for use in the Spanish Civil War.^[9]

Other nations adopted the rifle in more limited numbers. The United States ordered 10,000 in caliber .30/40 Krag for the Spanish–American War, but the war ended before they arrived at the front.^[5] These rifles were marked 'U.S.' atop the receiver ring and fitted with stock furniture similar to the M1895 Lee Navy including the short 8⁵⁄₁₆ inches (21.1 cm) knife-type bayonet. Many parts were marked 'K.S.M.' by ordnance inspector Kelly S. Morse. One hundred of these rifles were issued to the 33rd Volunteer Infantry for field testing in the Philippine–American War. The report of testing completed on 25 December 1899 stated the Krag–Jørgensen was greatly superior for military service. The remaining 9,900 rifles were sold to M. Harley Company and most were shipped to Cuba in 1906.^[10] Some of these rifles found their way to Mexico, where they were favored by Pancho Villa’s troops during the Mexican Revolution.^[3]

Theodore Roosevelt also personally purchased an M1895 Winchester in .30 Army (.30-40 Krag) during the same timeframe. The Model 1895 in .30 Army was also entered into an 1896 New York National Guard rifle contract competition, but finished second to the Savage Model 1895^[11] due to the Winchester rifle lacking a magazine cutoff and magazine counter.^[12] Winchester strongly disputed the results of the contest, arguing that the competition had been rigged in Savage's favor, and the ensuing political controversy led to the cancellation of the contract.^[13]

Civilian[edit]

As with previous Winchester rifles, a new serial number range was launched with the M1895, beginning with serial number 1.^[14] Including military contract rifles, a total of 425,881 rifles were produced, with production ceasing at serial number 425,132. The standard barrel length varied from 24 to 28 inches, depending on chambering and configuration, and the Standard finish on all rifles was blue.^[3]

The rifle is most commonly associated today with former President Theodore Roosevelt; however, it was also used by many other famed hunters and adventurers, to include Martin and Osa Johnson, Charles Cottar, and author Stewart Edward White.^[2] Garrit Forbes—hunting companion of W. D. M. Bell, first cousin of Franklin D. Roosevelt, and long time personal friend of gun writer and firearms enthusiast Elmer Keith—recommended the M1895 in .405 Winchester to Theodore Roosevelt.^[15]

Microstrip patch antenna calculator. Theodore Roosevelt took two M1895 rifles with him on his 1909 safari to East Africa, both in .405 Winchester. Additionally, Kermit Roosevelt accompanied his father on the trip and brought two more M1895 rifles; one was chambered in .405 Winchester, and the other in .30-03 Springfield. While the serial number of Kermit's .30-03 has been lost, the serial numbers of the three .405 rifles are known to have been 63727, 63736, and 68180.^[16] Theodore Roosevelt praised the .405 M1895 in his book African Game Trails, famously referring to this rifle as his 'medicine gun' for lions':

But as we stood, one of the porters behind called out 'Simba'; and we caught a glimpse of a big lioness galloping down beside the trees, just beyond the donga … Tarlton took his big double-barrel and advised me to take mine, as the sun had just set and it was likely to be close work; but I shook my head, for the Winchester 405 is, at least for me personally, the 'medicine gun' for lions.^[17]

Although it is often said that Roosevelt called the .405 M1895 his 'big medicine,' this phrase is never used in African Game Trails, and is possibly the erroneous combination of his 'medicine gun' quote with his 'big stick' speech of 1901.

The Model 1895 in both its rifle and carbine configuration was popular with the Texas Rangers and Arizona Rangers in both the 30-40 Krag and 30-06 Springfield calibers.

In 1985, the Browning Arms Company reintroduced the M1895 rifle in .30-06 Springfield.^[18] Later in 2001, Winchester reintroduced the rifle during the 100 year anniversary of Theodore Roosevelt's presidential administration, offering it again in .405 Winchester, as well as .30-06 Springfield and .30-40 Krag since its reintroduction.^[2] In 2008 Winchester produced a pair of Theodore Roosevelt commemorative rifles.^[19] In 2009 an additional pair of rifles was offered commemorating Roosevelt's African Safari in 1909 after leaving office.^[20]

Both the Browning and new Winchester rifles are made in Japan by Miroku. The Winchesters, however, differ from the original design in that they feature rebounding hammers and a tang safety. Their triggers are also shaped differently in that they cannot be fitted into an original rifle.

Users[edit]

• Angola
• Australia^[21]
• Bangladesh^{[citation needed]}
• Bolivia^[22]
• Burundi
• Canada^[23]
• Egypt^[24]
• Russian Empire
• Estonia
• Finland^[25]
• France^[26]
• Gabon
• Guatemala^[27]
• India^[28]
• Jamaica^[29]
• Madagascar
• Malta^[30]
• Mongolia^[31]
• Mozambique
• Russia
• Spanish Republic^[32]
• Nazi Germany: Issued to Volkssturm units.^[33]
• Mexico
• Nepal^[34]
• New Zealand^[35]
• Oman
• South Africa^[36]
• South Korea^[37]
• Sri Lanka^{[citation needed]}
• Sudan
• Thailand^[38]
• Togo
• Turkey
• Uganda^{[citation needed]}
• United Kingdom
• United States

References[edit]

Notes[edit]

1. ^ ^abcKennblätter fremdes Geräts: Heft 1: Handwaffen. p. 240
2. ^ ^abcBoddington 2005
3. ^ ^abcMadis 1985, pp. 450-81
4. ^Mercaldo, Firestone & Vanderlinden 2011, pp. 77–78
5. ^ ^abJames, Garry 'Winchester Model 1895 Russian Musket' American Rifleman April 2013 p.112
6. ^ ^abMercaldo, Firestone & Vanderlinden 2011, p. 79
7. ^ ^abcMercaldo, Firestone & Vanderlinden 2011, p. 80
8. ^Mercaldo, Firestone & Vanderlinden 2011, p. 81
9. ^Mercaldo, Firestone & Vanderlinden 2011, p. 83
10. ^Canfield, Bruce N. 19th Century Military Winchesters March 2001 American Rifleman pp.41&77
11. ^Mercaldo, Firestone & Vanderlinden 2011, pp. 72–73, 190–193
12. ^Mercaldo, Firestone & Vanderlinden 2011, p. 73
13. ^Mercaldo, Firestone & Vanderlinden 2011, pp. 74, 193–194
14. ^Wilson, R. L. 'The Model 1895 Lever-Action.' Winchester: An American Legend: the Official History of Winchester Firearms and Ammunition from 1849 to the Present. New York: Random House, 1992. 104–09. Print.
15. ^Keith, Elmer M. 'Elephant & Cape Buffalo Rifles.' Guns & Ammo Apr. 1976
16. ^Wilson, Robert Lawrence, and Theodore Roosevelt. 'Theodore Roosevelt and the Winchester Arms Company.' Theodore Roosevelt, Outdoorsman. Agoura, CA: Trophy Room, 1994. 239–72. Print.
17. ^Roosevelt, Theodore. 'Trekking Through the Thirst to the Sotik.' African Game Trails. New York: Charles Schribner's Sons, 1910. 166–67. Print.
18. ^'What Is the Historical Timeline for Browning?' Browning North America's Official Web Site -- Firearms -- Rifles -- Over and Under Shotguns -- Guns. Web. 15 Feb. 2011. 'Archived copy'. Archived from the original on 25 February 2011. Retrieved 16 February 2011.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link).
19. ^'Archived copy'. Archived from the original on 14 October 2009. Retrieved 2 October 2009.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
20. ^'Archived copy'. Archived from the original on 13 September 2009. Retrieved 2 October 2009.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
21. ^Cite error: The named reference Arnold2019 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
22. ^Cite error: The named reference Bolivia was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
23. ^Bishop, Chris: The Encyclopedia of Weapons of World War II, p. 239. Sterling Publishing, 2002.
24. ^Cite error: The named reference Jones was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
25. ^'FINNISH ARMY 1918 - 1945: RIFLES PART 5'. www.jaegerplatoon.net. Archived from the original on 18 October 2017. Retrieved 26 April 2018.
26. ^Cite error: The named reference weapon was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
27. ^Cite error: The named reference Tinderbox was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
28. ^Cite error: The named reference Jowett was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
29. ^Cite error: The named reference Jamaica was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
30. ^Cite error: The named reference Malta was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
31. ^Cite error: The named reference Capie was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
32. ^'spanishcivilwar1'. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 15 October 2014.
33. ^Weaver & Stevens 2005, p. 65
34. ^Cite error: The named reference Jane was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
35. ^Cite error: The named reference NZ was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
36. ^Cite error: The named reference SA was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
37. ^Cite error: The named reference ROK was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
38. ^Cite error: The named reference Siam was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

Sources[edit]

• Boddington, Craig (2005). 'Bully For The .405 - Roosevelt's 'big medicine' enjoys a revival'. Guns&Ammo. Archived from the original on 24 March 2012. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
• Madis, George (1985). The Winchester Book. Brownsboro, TX: Art and Reference House.
• Mercaldo, Luke; Firestone, Adam; Vanderlinden, Anthony (2011). Allied Rifle Contracts in America. Wet Dog Publications. ISBN0-9707997-7-2.
• Weaver, W. Darrin; Stevens, R. Blake (2005). Desperate Measures: The Last-Ditch Weapons of the Nazi Volkssturm. Collector Grade Publications. ISBN0889353727.

External links[edit]

• Small Arms of WWI Primer 062: Russian Contract Winchester 1895 on YouTube

The Model 1200 and Model 1300 are two pump-action shotguns that were manufactured by the Winchester-Western Division of Olin Corporation. It was produced in 12-, 16- and 20-gauge. The military version of the 1200 has the ability to have a bayonet fixed on the end of the barrel to be used in close quarter combat.^[1]

USB ports are not named in the same manner as serial or parallel ports. To confirm that a computer's USB ports are available, use the computer's user guide for steps on how to check the computer BIOS. Additionally, check Device Manager to ensure that it lists the Universal Serial Bus as a device. Connect new device to computer.

History[edit]

The Winchester Model 1200 was introduced in 1964 as a low-cost replacement for the venerable Model 12.^[2] A small number of these weapons were acquired by the United States Army in 1968 and 1969.^[3] The military style Model 1200 was essentially the same weapon as the civilian version, except it had a ventilated handguard, sling swivels, and a bayonet lug.^[3] The Model 1200 was succeeded by the Winchester Model 1300 in 1983 when U.S. Repeating Arms Company became the manufacturer of Winchester firearms.^[1] Production of the Model 1300 ceased in 2006, when USRAC went bankrupt.^[4] The model lives on in the Winchester SXP.

Description[edit]

The Winchester Model 1200 came in barrel lengths of 30-inch, and 28-inch with a fixed choke or the Win-choke screw in choke tubes system and is a 12, 16, or 20-gauge, manually operated, slide action shotgun. The slide action, also known as a pump-action, means that the shotgun has a moving bolt system which is operated by a 'wooden or composite slide called the fore-end'.^[5] The fore-end is located on the underside of the barrel and moves front to back. The weapon can hold a maximum of five rounds total with four in the tubular magazine and one in the chamber. The Model 1300 holds 6 2-3/4' shells in the magazine. It has a hammerless action which means that there is no external hammer spur. There is an internal hammer which strikes the firing pin which - in turn - strikes the primer on the shell to ignite the powder in the round.^[6]

The Model 1200 was the second shotgun to utilize a rotary bolt with four locking lugs secured within the barrel extension. The AR 17 being the first to use a rotary bolt. The 1200 was Winchester's first shotgun to incorporate the company's patented Winchoke system, a quick change tube to allow the easy replacement of chokes.^[1]

Bayonet[edit]

A bayonet could be attached to the front end of the barrel of the Military version of the Model 1200. San lazaro racing program. The primary uses of the bayonet on the model 1200 are for close combat, guarding prisoners, and riot duty.^[6] The most commonly used bayonet with the Model 1200 was the M1917 bayonet. After World War I ended, there was a large surplus of the M1917 bayonets because the Army decided to keep the M1903 Springfield as the standard issued rifle. The M1917 bayonet did not fit the Springfield rifles so instead of just getting rid of them, the Army decided to make newer shotguns compatible with the bayonets.^[7] Model 1200 shotguns with bayonet lugs and ventilation ribs were still in U.S. Army inventories as late as the invasion of Iraq 2003. During the Iraq war the Model 1200 shotguns were phased out in favor of Mossberg 500 shotguns.

Variants[edit]

• Model 1200: Standard capacity model with four-shell tubular magazine
• Model 1200 Defender: Increased capacity model with six-shell tubular magazine (Six 3' Shells or seven 2&3/4' Shells).
• Model 1200 Police: Increased capacity variant of the Model 1200 Defender with an electrolysis nickel-plated satin barrel and magazine tube.
• Model 1200 Marine: Increased capacity variant of the Model 1200 Defender with an electrolysis nickel-plated polished barrel and magazine tube.
• Model 1200 Riot: Standard capacity model with 18.5' barrel and rifle sights. Blued steel barrel and magazine. Marked 'Riot' on barrel.
• Ted Williams Model 200: Standard Model 1200 marketed by Sears
• Model 1200 Hunting: 28-inch barrel with a built-in choke and a five-shell tubular magazine.
• Model 1300: Slightly updated version with up to six-shell tubular magazine
• Model 1300 Defender: Increased capacity variants of the Model 1300 with a seven-shell tubular magazine.
• Model 1300 Marine: Increased capacity variant of the Model 1300 with an electroless nickel-plated barrel and magazine tube.
• Various Model 1300 variants^[8][9]
• Model 2200: Model 1200 with full length stock and barrel, produced for the Canadian firearms market.
• Model 120: Budget hardwood stock version marketed at various department stores, such as K-Mart. Birch stock, fixed choke, etc.
• Ranger Model 120: Budget hardwood stock version marketed at sporting goods stores, such as Cabelas & K-Mart. Plain stock, Winchoke, etc.

Users[edit]

Winchester Defender Serial Number Lookup

• Argentina
• Australia
• Bangladesh^{[citation needed]}
• Cambodia
• Canada
• Czech Republic: The Model 1300 Defender is used in small numbers by the Czech Armed Forces.^[10]
• Egypt^{[citation needed]}
• France
• Hungary
• India
• Indonesia
• Japan
• Jordan
• Kazakhstan
• Laos
• Libya
• Malta
• Mexico
• Mongolia
• Myanmar
• Nepal
• New Zealand
• Peru: The Model 1300 Defender is used by special forces^[11]
• Qatar
• Russia: since 14 August 1992^[12] until March 2006^[13] Winchester 1300 shotguns were used in private security companies^[14]
• South Korea
• Thailand
• United States^[15]
• Vietnam

The Model 12 Ranger (note correction in name order) is a smaller/youth version of the Model 120.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

Winchester 1300 Shotgun Serial Number Lookup

1. ^ ^abcWilson, R. L. (2008). Winchester: An American Legend. Book Sales, Inc. pp. 223–265. ISBN978-0-7858-1893-9.
2. ^Criss, Chuck (28 May 2008). 'Winchester Repeating'. olive-drab.com. Retrieved 16 April 2010.
3. ^ ^abCriss, Chuck (22 May 2008). 'WINCHESTER 1200 SHOTGUN'. Olive-drab.com. Retrieved 16 April 2010.
4. ^Hunter, Stephen (21 January 2006). 'Out With A Bang'. Washington Post. Retrieved 5 April 2010.
5. ^Coustan, Dave. 'How Shotguns Work'. HowStuffWorks.com. Retrieved 17 April 2010.
6. ^ ^abWestmoreland, William (11 March 1970). 'Winchester Model 1200 Riot Shotgun Manual'. U.S. Government Printing Office. Retrieved 16 April 2010.
7. ^Criss, Chuck (22 May 2008). 'M-1917 BAYONET'. Olive-drab.com. Retrieved 16 April 2010.
8. ^Winchester Repeating Firearms. 'IWinchester Firearms timeline'. Winchester Repeating Arms. Retrieved 15 April 2010.
9. ^Winchester Repeating Firearms. 'IWinchester 1200 and Model 130 comparison'. Winchester Repeating Arms. Retrieved 15 April 2010.
10. ^'zbrane.indd'(PDF). Retrieved 16 April 2010.
11. ^Julio A. Montes. Peruvian Small Arms Gunning for the Shining Path // 'Small Arms Defence Journal', No. 8, 2011
12. ^Postanovlenie Pravitel'stva Rossijskoj Federacii No. 587 ot 14 avgusta 1992 goda 'Voprosy chastnoj detektivnoj i ohrannoj deyatel'nosti'
13. ^'3. Ustanovit', chto ognestrel'noe oruzhie, priobretennoe v sootvetstvii s zakonodatel'stvom Rossijskoj Federacii negosudarstvennymi (chastnymi) ohrannymi predpriyatiyami do vstupleniya v silu nastoyaschego postanovleniya i ne vklyuchennoe v perechen' vidov vooruzheniya ohrannikov, utverzhdennyj postanovleniem Pravitel'stva Rossijskoj Federacii ot 14 avgusta 1992 g. N 587 (s izmeneniyami, vnesennymi nastoyaschim postanovleniem), mozhet nahodit'sya na vooruzhenii ohrannikov do 1 marta 2006 g.'
    Postanovlenie Pravitel'stva RF No. 179 ot 4 aprelya 2005
14. ^'v 1995 godu.. ohranniki moskovskogo ohrannogo byuro 'Aleks' V. Smirnov i A. Utehin, vozvraschayas' iz sluzhebnoj komandirovki, raspili spirtnye napitki s neizvestnymi licami. V rezul'tate, byli utracheny pistolet PM 'e 'Winchester-1300''
    Viktor Miklyaev. Ne ver'te 'Grifonu'! // 'CHastnyj sysk. Ohrana. Bezopasnost' No. 10, 1995, str.10-11
15. ^Canfield, Bruce N. American Rifleman (March 2002) pp.44-47&92-95

External links[edit]

Winchester 1300 Xtr Serial Numbers